The Island of Borneo
Kalimantan (toponyms: Kalamantan / Calémantan / Kalémantan Kelamantan / Kilamantan / Klamantan / Klémantan / K 'lemantan / Quallamontan is the world's third largest island located in the northern island of Java and the west of the island of Sulawesi. Island of Borneo is divided into regions of Brunei, Indonesia (two thirds) and Malaysia (one third). island of Borneo known by the nickname "Island of a Thousand Rivers" because of its many rivers on the island.
In ancient times, Borneo - which comes from the name of the sultanate of Brunei - is the name used by the colonial British and the Dutch to call this island as a whole, while Kalimantan is the name used by the inhabitants of the island's eastern region that now includes the Indonesia.Wilayah north of the island (Sabah, Brunei, Sarawak) first in the Indonesian language is called the North Borneo, but in terms of North Borneo is now the northern part of East Kalimantan.
In a broad sense "Borneo" covers the entire island is also known as Borneo, while in the narrow sense refers only Kalimantan region of Indonesia.
Borneo island is located in the middle of Southeast Asia since the island is a lot of cultural and political influence of the surrounding islands. Around the year 400 the island of Borneo has entered the era of history to be found relics of the kingdom of Kutai inscriptions Yupa but the progress of civilization is relatively slower than the other islands because of geographical constraints and sparsely populated.
In the 14th-century Odorico da Pordenone, a Catholic monk has visited Borneo. Around the year 1362 under the leadership of Majapahit Patih Gajah Mada expanding its power to the island of Borneo, namely the countries: Kapuas-Katingan, Sampit, Ungga City, City of K., Sambas, Lawai, Kadandangan, Landa, Samadang, Tirem, Sedu, Barune, Kalka , Saludung (Maynila), Solot, Sand, Barito, Sawaku, Tabalong, Tanjung Kutei and remains the most important Malano Tanjungpura island.
Borneo island is divided into three areas formerly great kingdom: Brunei, Sukadana / Tanjungpura and Banjarmasin. Tanjung Brunei Dato is a boundary region with Sukadana / Tanjungpura, while the Cape Sambar boundaries Sukadana / Tanjungpura with Banjarmasin region.
At the time of the Dutch East Indies, Borneo known as Borneo. This does not mean the name is not known Borneo. In these letters Tamjidillah Prince of the Kingdom of Banjar in 1857 to the Dutch Resident in Banjarmasin he mentions the island of Borneo, not the island. This suggests that among the population, more commonly known name of the Borneo Borneo's name used in the Dutch East Indies colonial administration.Prior to 1900, Kalimantan consist of several state self-government, then state and Meliau formed Tayan 1909, Pinoh Semitau 1913 and 1916.
The name Borneo again became popular in the years around the 1940s. The Ordinance of 1936 established the formation of Gouvernementen Sumatra, Borneo en de Groote-Oost (Stbld. 1936/68). West Borneo into the residency and as Gouvernementen Sumatra, Borneo Oost en de Groote, a central government is Banjarmasin.
Two years later, van Gouvernementen Borneo is divided in two. That is Residente en Oosterafdeling Zuideen van with a capital of Borneo Banjarmasin and Residente Westerafdeling its capital Pontianak. In 1938, the Dutch East Indies on eilandgewest established three provinces of Sumatra capital of Medan, capital of Borneo Banjarmasin, and the Big East had its capital in Makassar. Each Residente headed by a Resident with Besluit Gouverneur van Borneo, dated May 10, 1939 No. No BB/AI/3/Bijblad. 14 239 and No.14239 a) Residency of West Kalimantan is divided into four section and section 13 Onder.
On February 13, 1942 Sakaguchi Detachment occupied the city of Banjarmasin. On August 17, 1945 Indonesia proclaimed independence, which the Dutch Borneo, including one of the provinces of the Republic of Indonesia. On 9 November 1945, the People of Borneo ( Banjarmasin) held a rebellion against the legal government by the guerrillas in the countryside and the Netherlands had foiled plans for the State of Borneo. After taking over Borneo from the Japanese, urging the Federal NICA Kalimantan to immediately establish the State of East Kalimantan, Indonesia following the country who have stood .
Thus was formed the Council of West Kalimantan on October 28, 1946, the Special Province of West Kalimantan on May 27, 1947; with the Regional Chief, Sultan Hamid II of Pontianak Sultanate with the rank of Major General. Its territory consists of 13 kingdoms such as self-government at the time of the Dutch East Indies Sambas, Pontianak, PunBB, Hedgehogs, Kubu, Tayan, Meliau, Sekadau, Sintang, Selimbau, Simpang, Sukadana and Matan.
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