The martial arts is a physical sport and spirit of someone who did it. The martial arts also is the art itself, there is beauty there, harmony and also the speed and accuracy.

Many martial arts in this world, ranging from Kung Fu, Aikido, Judo, Karate, and one of the most popular of the Indonesian Pencak Silat is.
Pencak Silat or Silat (fighting by using techniques of self-defense) is an Asian martial arts are rooted in the culture of the Malays. This martial art is widely known in Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei, and Singapore but can also be found in many variations in different countries in accordance with the spread of the Malays, like the southern Philippines and southern Thailand. Thanks to the role of the trainers from Indonesia, Vietnam is also currently has a formidable fighter-fighter.

The parent organization of Pencak Silat in Indonesia is the IPSI (Institute of Pencak Silat Indonesia). Persilat (Pencak Silat Association Between the Nation), is the name of an organization that was formed by Indonesia, Singapore, Malaysia and Brunei Darussalam to accommodate Pencak Silat federations in various countries.


History

Silat tradition handed down by word of mouth and spread from mouth to mouth, are taught from teacher to pupil. Because it's written record of the origin of martial arts is hard to find. Most martial arts history is told through the legend that vary from one region to another. Like the origin of martial arts Cimande flow that tells of a woman who witnessed the fight between a tiger and a monkey and he modeled the movement of animals fighting. The origins of the martial arts in Indonesia, the possibility of developing the skills of Indonesian indigenous tribes in the hunting and fighting with machetes, shields, and spears. As is now encountered in the Nias tribe tradition until the 20th century relatively untouched by outside influences.

Silat is expected to spread in the archipelago since the 7th century BC, but the origin could not be ascertained. Nevertheless, silat is now recognized as the Malays culture in a broad sense, ie the inhabitants of the coastal areas of Sumatra and the Malay Peninsula, as well as various other ethnic groups who use the lingua franca Melayu language in various areas on the islands of Java, Bali Kalimantan, Sulawesi, and others are also developing their own form of traditional martial arts. In Languages Minangkabau, silat was the same as silek. Sheikh Shamsuddin (2005) argues that there is the influence of martial arts from China and India in the martial arts. In fact not only that. This is understandable because it is culture Melayu (including Pencak Silat) is an open culture where Malays since the beginning of the culture has to adapt to different cultures brought by traders and nomads from India, China, Arabs, Turks, and others. These cultures and then assimilate and adapt to the native culture. So presumably the historical martial arts were born simultaneously with the emergence of Melayu culture. Therefore, any area which generally has a proud martial figures. For example, the nation especially in the Malay Peninsula Malays believe that the legend of Hang Tuah is a 14th century warrior's martial art that terhebat.Hal like that happened in Java, which boasts of Gajah Mada.

The development and spread of martial arts have historically started carrying when their distribution is heavily influenced by the Ulema, along with the spread of Islam in the 14th century in the archipelago. This historical record is considered authentic in the history of martial arts whose influence is still visible today. That time has taught martial arts together with religious instruction at the mosque, mosque. Silat then spreads than just martial arts and folk dances, became part of the education to defend the country against invaders. Besides, martial arts became part of spiritual practice.

Silat has developed in Indonesia and Malaysia (including Brunei and Singapore) and have the same historical root as a means of resistance against foreign invaders. . After the era of independence, martial art developed into a formal martial arts. The national martial arts organization was formed as Indonesian Pencak Silat Association (IPSI) in Indonesia, the Guild Silat Kebangsaan Malaysia (PESAKA) in Malaysia, Singapore Silat Association (EXACTLY) in Singapore, and Brunei Darussalam Silat Association (Persib) in Brunei. Has grown to dozens of universities also parried in the United States and Europe. Silat has now officially entered the sport in international matches, particularly competed in the SEA Games.

Wherever smoking is one of the favorite men and some women on this earth. Indonesia is no exception with a rather large population, tobacco companies is very advanced here.

Even elementary school children in some areas already enjoying a cigarette. Although religious organizations are prohibited from smoking but can not be abolished. Because it's become a fun tradition and habit.

Cigarettes are distinguished into several types. This distinction is based on cigarette packaging materials, raw materials or the contents of cigarettes, cigarette manufacturing process, and the use of filters on cigarettes.

Cigarettes based packing materials.

* Klobot: cigarette packaging materials such as corn leaves.
* Kawung: cigarette packaging materials such as palm leaves.
* Cigarette: cigarette packaging materials such as paper.
* Cigars: cigarette packaging materials in the form of leaf tobacco.

Cigarettes based on raw materials or content.

* Cigarettes: cigarettes a raw material or content of tobacco leaf sauce to get the effect of certain flavor and aroma.
* Cigarettes: cigarettes are raw materials or the contents of tobacco leaf and clove sauce to get the effect of certain flavor and aroma.
* Rheum officinale Cigarettes: cigarettes raw materials or the contents of tobacco leaves, cloves, and incense which sauce to get the effect of certain flavor and aroma.

Cigarettes based on the drafting process.

* Hand rolled cigarette (SKT): the cigarette manufacturing process dilinting by ground or by hand or simple tools.
* Kretek Cigarettes Machine (SKM): cigarette manufacturing process using a machine. Simply put, the material inserted into the cigarette machine cigarette maker. Output generated cigarette machine in the form of cigarette sticks. Current cigarette machine was capable of producing output of about six thousand to eight thousand cigarettes a minute. Cigarette machine, usually, associated with cigarette wrapping machine so that the resulting output is no longer a bar cigarette pack but have been in the form. There is also a cigarette wrapping machine capable of producing output in the form of cigarettes in the press, a press pack contains 10. Unfortunately, not yet found a machine capable of producing SKT because there are differences in the diameter of the base with a diameter of the tip of SKT. At SKM, the base circumference of cigarettes and cigarette tip as large in circumference.

Rolled cigarette machine itself can be categorized into two parts:

1. Kretek Cigarettes Full Flavor Machine (SKM FF): cigarette smell in the drafting process added a distinctive flavor. Example: Gudang Garam International Filter, Djarum Super, etc..
2. Kretek Cigarettes Mild Light Machine (SKM LM): cigarette machines that use the tar and low nicotine. Cigarette type is rarely used special perfume. Example: A Mild, Clas Mild, Mild Star, U-Mild, LA Light, Surya Slim, etc.

Based on the use of filter cigarettes.

* Cigarette Filters (RF): cigarettes that have cork on the base.
* Cigarettes Non-Filter (RNF): cigarettes at the base there is no cork.

Brand-famous cigarette brands

* A Mild
* Absolute Mild
* Bentoel
Benson & Hedges *
* Bheta
* Clas Mild
* Country
* Daffidoff
* Djarum BLACK
* Djarum Super
* Djarum Brown
* Dji Sam Soe
* Dunhill
* Gudang Garam
* Gulden Elite
* LA Lights
* LA Menthol
* Lestees
* Latitude Six
* Lucky Strike
* Marlboro
* Minak Djinggo
* International Minna
* Pall Mall
* Pencil Mas International
* Star Mild
* Ten Mild
* U Mild
* Urban Mild
* Win Mild
* Wismilak
* X Mild

Ir. H. Bakrie (born in Jakarta, November 15, 1946; age 63 years) is an Indonesian businessman who is chairman of the Golkar Party since October 9, 2009. He served as Coordinating Minister for People's Welfare in the United Indonesia Cabinet. Previously she also served as Coordinating Minister for Economic Affairs in the same cabinet, but its position changed in the reshuffle by President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono on December 5, 2005. He is the eldest child of the family Achmad Bakrie, Bakrie Group founder, and close called Ical. Aburizal considered to be responsible for the tragedy of Lapindo mudflow in Sidoarjo. While he admits the program serves Menkokesra best part is the handling of bird flu. But there are cases of corruption in the handling of bird flu is being handled KPK.

source : wikipedia.